Sunday, October 31, 2010

Bonsai-Intertwined roots


Intertwined Roots
Roots of some trees from one species (three tree trunks or more) attached to each other and relate to each other. This form can also be derived from tree trunks that had been upright, but collapsed and buried in the ground. Part that used to be a branch of the tree, changing roles and grow as a tree trunk. From the tree trunk out of the roots, and roots are entwined with the roots of the tree of origin. Shape similar to the roots entwined called rafts or Grown from Stem (Ikadabuki). Growing bonsai shape of the rod also comes from trees that had been upright, but collapsed and changed the role of the stem branches. Intertwined with the roots of the difference lies in the roots of which exist only in one spot. Like many trunked bonsai, even unpopular trunked tree.
Group
More than one tree planted together in a pot or planted on the shallow rocks. Trees can be planted a few trees of one species, or a mixture of several different species. The value of creative works may be exalted with the blend decorative items are placed in addition.

This bonsai forms of copying its origins in the Nanga tree form. Named bonsai tree forms of literary writers since the Meiji era is very fond of this form of bonsai. As of today, thin stems, number of branches a little, and the short branch is also called the Tree of Letters.
Trees Not Unusual Intertwined roots
Roots of some trees from one species (three tree trunks or more) attached to each other and relate to each other. This form can also be derived from tree trunks that had been upright, but collapsed and buried in the ground. Part that used to be a branch of the tree, changing roles and grow as a tree trunk. From the tree trunk out of the roots, and roots are entwined with the roots of the tree of origin. Shape similar to the roots entwined called rafts or Grown from Stem (Ikadabuki). Growing bonsai shape of the rod also comes from trees that had been upright, but collapsed and changed the role of the stem branches. Intertwined with the roots of the difference lies in the roots of which exist only in one spot. Like many trunked bonsai, even unpopular trunked tree.
Group
More than one tree planted together in a pot or planted on the shallow rocks. Trees can be planted a few trees of one species, or a mixture of several different species. The value of creative works may be exalted with the blend decorative items are placed in addition.


   
Tree Poets / Free
This bonsai forms of copying its origins in the Nanga tree form. Named bonsai tree forms of literary writers since the Meiji era is very fond of this form of bonsai. As of today, thin stems, number of branches a little, and the short branch is also called the Tree of Letters.

Monday, October 11, 2010

Bonsai-Stainless Steel vs. Carbon Steel Tools

Stainless Steel vs. Carbon Steel Tools

Introduction
Many beginners and experienced practitioners as well as bonsai, often in a dilemma when it comes time between steel (black) to choose tools that are usually more expensive or shiny stainless steel appliances.
I have always maintained that a better and more economical to purchase quality equipment with high-quality steel more than stainless steel that is equal or more expensive. But the debate will always rage on.
Marty Weiser, a practitioner of Metallurgy and Bonsai, offers the following discussion the difference between stainless steel and carbon, so that your own opinions.
BW

What is stainless steel?
Generally stainless steel (SS) with the addition of at least 10% chromium (Cr) with iron. SS then form an oxide of chromium oxide surface mounted, SS and prevent further corrosion. This material is locked into the body-centered cubic ferrite phase (BCC) and strong enough and not very durable.
Nickel (Ni) is often added to the SS to change the structure of the austenite phase is much more resilient and improve resistance to oxidation at high temperatures. One of the common value of SS with 18% Cr and 8% Ni and is used in everything from industrial pipes for the spoon and fork. In the U.S., this is known as Type 303 or 304 SS.

The role of carbon in steel
Carbon steel is often added to increase hardness. Adding as little as 0.5% carbon can make a big difference in the hardness of steel. However, increased violence comes at a cost of much less elastic. Viewing control that allows heat treatment to control the trade off between hardness and toughness - but if you make a mistake, you can end up with a knife that will not continue to destroy the edge or if he fell. Very high quality Japanese steel tools often laminated piece of high ductility, low carbon steel thin body for low ductility steels with high carbon content with hard-edged knife and very elastic.
cast iron is listed with 2 to 5% of carbon is usually too fragile to make a good cutter. However, they make incredible machine tools, because they are very stable.
The problem with carbon steel
However, we discussed the SS If you are looking for the definition of steel, you'll find something along the lines of "iron-carbon alloy with more than 0.1%." Are you looking for the composition of the SS, the most you will find that the carbon content of less than 0.1%. Therefore, non-technical steel SS. Why SS carbon content is limited? Well, if you each heat treatment combined with carbon, such as with chromium, chromium carbide with the formula, Cr23C6 form. This forms a compound along the grain boundaries (not specified) and confiscated along the grain boundary Cr. However, Cr had to make corrosion-resistant material, so that when you remove the SS does not rust. Therefore, the concentration of carbon-limited SS.
So the SS does not contain much carbon, to ensure that it remains free of rust. What were the results? Now responsible for the production of carbon steel harder so they have a very nice sophisticated place. Therefore, the SS is not too hard and make a bad cutting tools. Well, not really. Metallurgists to imagine that a good metal and steel will hold a decent big demand, so they are some of the SS who developed quite advanced. In the U.S. it is 400 series SS is important is that by careful control of composition and heat treatment you can use a metal which is a good compromise between hardness and corrosion resistance to create. However, you make a mistake in a well you end up with material that is too hard (brittle) or too soft (not to stand up and tip). Generally inexpensive tools such as knives SS error in a soft side, while high-quality products that is right or wrong is usually on the side too hard.

Sunday, October 10, 2010

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History

Bonsai Types, Basic forms, History,and Size

Type
The most common trees are various species of pine dibonsai. Types of plants and trees used to classify the types of bonsai:

Bonsai pine and oak trees: pine-, fir china, pine thorns, toothpick, and others.
Bonsai fruit trees to enjoy the beauty of his men (Ilex serrata, persimmon, Chaenomeles sinensis, mini apples, etc.).
Bonsai flowering plants to enjoy the beauty of the flowers (Prunus mume, Chaenomeles speciosa, sakura, Satsuki azaleas).
Bonsai trees to be enjoyed form of leaves (maple, Zelkova serrata, Rhus succedanea, bamboo).
There are so many tropical plants that have been tested and found suitable for dibonsai, including acid java, banyan, pine shrimp, hibiscus, and guava.

Prototype
 
Straight Upright (Chokkan)
Winding up straight (Moyogi)
Gloves wind / wind (Fukinagashi)
Hang (Kengai)
Half Hanging (Han Kengai)
Trunk curl (banking)
Upright Brooms (Hōkidachi)
Trunked Two (supplies)
Literary Tree (Bunjinki) Straight Upright
Upright tree trunk vertically upward. Tree trunks are said to have an ideal if a tree has a trunk diameter of a growing number of increasingly smaller, starting from the trunk near the roots. Tree branches are said to have ideal if the branch is in the front-back or left-right crossing each other from each other. Distance antardahan upward growing increasingly narrow. Ideal form of the root is the root which when viewed from above, spread out in all directions.
Upright winding
Upright tree trunks winding to the left and right. Stem diameter increasing upward decreasing with the balance of left and right is good. Branch is the branch of an existing well at the top of the trunk flexion. Branches located in the interior of the arch is cut. From the base of the stem to the top of the tree can be drawn straight line, and those who see do not feel worried about the balance tree.
Oblique
Trunk is tilted to one side like a constant wind direction. Like there are things that block on one side, leaning trees grow to the other side. Characteristic of this form in the form of branches that exist only at the top of the arch bars, and criss-cross at the left-right and front-rear.
Gloves wind / blowing in the wind
Compared bonsai form Italic, trees grew as he experienced a more violent coercion. Stems and branches of trees leaning in one direction only. Stems and branches of trees bent to one side much longer than the tree height as measured from the base of the stem to the top of the tree. The position of the stem and branches similar to the Hanging Half bonsai style, but the stems and branches appear to form parallel lines.
Hang
Likened to trees growing on the surface of the wall in steep seaside cliffs or steep valley walls. Grows like a tree trunk hanging down the cliff. The treetops far to more than basic hanging pots. When the top of the tree does not exceed the basis of the bonsai pot is called the Hanging Half (Han Kengai).
Trunk curl
Looks very twisted tree trunks, or tree growing with a tendency to twist away. So looks twisted tree trunk like a snake that is coiled.
Upright Brooms
Rods perpendicular to the middle before spreading branches and twigs grow in all directions. Top of the tree difficult to determine from a number of peaks existing branches so that the form of bonsai is like a broom of bamboo. The beauty of bonsai style is assessed from a neat branching limb, and the commencement point spread branches and twigs in all directions, tree height, and balance these elements.
Highlighting Roots
Due to tree maintenance are kept in a cruel environment, the base root branching in the soil become exposed to the outside on the ground like a result of wind and rain.
Many trunked
From a base of roots grown up more than one tree. When you grow two trees, the bonsai is called trunked Two (supplies). When there are three trees, so called trunked Three (boring). Trunked bonsai five or more is called stumps Upright (Kabudachi). Odd rods preferred. In addition to two trunked bonsai, bonsai with even-numbered sticks and not made unwelcome.
Intertwined roots
Roots of some trees from one species (three tree trunks or more) attached to each other and relate to each other. This form can also be derived from tree trunks that had been upright, but collapsed and buried in the ground. Part that used to be a branch of the tree, changing roles and grow as a tree trunk. From the tree trunk out of the roots, and roots are entwined with the roots of the tree of origin. Shape similar to the roots entwined called rafts or Grown from Stem (Ikadabuki). Growing bonsai shape of the rod also comes from trees that had been upright, but collapsed and changed the role of the stem branches. Intertwined with the roots of the difference lies in the roots of which exist only in one spot. Like many trunked bonsai, even unpopular trunked tree.
Group
More than one tree planted together in a pot or planted on the shallow rocks. Trees can be planted a few trees of one species, or a mixture of several different species. The value of creative works may be exalted with the blend decorative items are placed in addition. 
This bonsai forms of copying its origins in the Nanga tree form. Named bonsai tree forms of literary writers since the Meiji era is very fond of this form of bonsai. As of today, thin stems, number of branches a little, and the short branch is also called the Tree of Letters.
Trees Not Unusual
This form is used to refer to bonsai that are not can be classified into bonsai shapes prevalent.

History
Bonsai comes from the art of miniaturizing plants called penjing from the Tang dynasty period. In the tomb of the son of Empress Wu Zetian are murals depicting the waitress who brought the flowering trees in shallow pots. Small shallow pot is a miniaturization of natural scenery.

Japanese society began to recognize penjing around the end of the Heian period. Penjing kanji for the Japanese is pronounced as bonkei. Similarly, in Chinese, Japanese bonkei is also the miniaturization of natural scenery. Art is only enjoyed by the upper classes, especially among the courtiers and samurai, and a new bonsai called on the Edo period.

Bonsai plant is a samurai of the Edo odd jobs, when the bonsai's popularity peaked. Since the Meiji era, bonsai is considered as a fashionable hobby. However, maintenance and watering bonsai takes a lot of time. In line with the neighborhood in which more and more modern Japanese and have no yard, bonsai enthusiasts finally limited to the elderly.

Size
 
Bonsai at the "Foire du Valais, Switzerland, 2005.Bonsai grouped into six groups based on plant height from the base of the stem to the top of the plant:

giants: tree height of more than 101 cm.
very large: between 76-100 cm tall tree.
big: tall trees between 46-75 cm
medium height trees between 31-45 cm
small: tree height between 16-30 cm
very small: less than 15 tall tree